ABSTRACT
@#The aim of this study was to assess the viability of coating collagen to Hydroxyapatite (HA) coated commercially pure Titanium (cpTi) samples. Five samples of cpTi were immersed in a simulated body fluid (Tas-SBF) after stages of gritting, sandblasting and acid etching. One sample was taken out after 3, 5 and 7 days of immersion in Tas-SBF respectively. The 7 days Tas-SBF coated sample was coated with collagen by physical adsorption method. Analysis was performed to study the surface roughness, morphology and elemental analysis of the coated surfaces.The equipment used wereAlicona, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Process of sand blasting and acid etching were able to produce desired morphology and surface roughness. The average surface roughness, Sa of sand blasted cpTi surface and acid etched cpTi were 2.17 ± 0.75 μm and 2.12 ± 0.15μm respectively. Immersion in Tas-SBF produced a crystalline coating and morphology that were similar to bone-like apatite. Roughness value of cpTi after being immersed in SBF for 7 days was 2.23 ± 0.31 μm and the Ca/P ratio was 7.076. Collagen coated samples had the highest Sa value which was 3.91 ± 0.31 μm and the Ca/P ratio was 1.190. This study showed that it is possible to achieve apatite and collagen coating on a modified cpTi surface using physical adsorption method.
ABSTRACT
Tendon is a dense connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. Tendon can adapt to mechanical forces passing across it, through a reciprocal relationship between its cellular components (tenocytes and tenoblasts) and the extracellular matrix (ECM). In early development, the formation of scleraxis-expressing tendon progenitor population in the sclerotome is induced by a fibroblast growth factor signal secreted by the myotome. Tendon injury has been defined as a loss of cells or ECM caused by trauma. It represents a failure of cells and matrix adaptation to mechanical loading. Injury initiates attempts of tendon to repair itself, which has been defined as replacement of damaged or lost cells and ECM by new cells or new matrices. Tendon healing generally consists of four different phases: the inflammatory, proliferation, differentiation and remodelling phases. Clinically, tendons are repaired with a variety of surgical techniques, which show various degrees of success. In order to improve the conventional tendon repair methods, current tendon tissue engineering aims to investigate a repair method which can restore tissue defects with living cells, or cell based therapy. Advances in tissue engineering techniques would potentially yield to a cell-based product that could regenerate functional tendon tissue.
Subject(s)
Tissue EngineeringABSTRACT
Introduction: Compliance with medical nutrition therapy is important to improve patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine dietary compliance and its association with glycemic control among outpatients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients who had a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of at least 6.5%, after attending a diet counseling session at the Outpatient Dietetic Clinic, HUSM, were enrolled. Out of 150 diabetic patients reviewed between 2006 and 2008, 61 adults (32 men and 29 women) agreed to participate in this study. A questionnaire-based interview was used to collect socio-demographic, clinical and diabetes self-care data. The patient’s dietary compliance rate was determined by the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) measure. Anthropometric and biological measurements were also taken. Results: Only 16.4% of the respondents adhered to the dietary regimen provided by dietitians. Among the 7 dietary self-care behaviours, item number 6 (eat lots of food high in dietary fibre such as vegetable or oats) had the highest compliant rate (54.1%); whereas item number 3 (eat five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day) had the lowest compliant rate (23.0%). There was a significant association between gender (p=0.037) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) (p=0.007) with the compliance status. Conclusion: Dietary non-compliance is still common among T2DM patients. Dietitians need to improve their skills and use more effective intervention approaches in providing dietary counseling to patients.